Rådhusplads: Den urbane metropol

RH skitse

The text below is an article published in the danish newspaper Politiken in 2006. 

Rådhuspladsen er et af de helt centrale mødesteder i byen. Det er her, man fejrer landsholdet, tænder juletræet og demonstrerer mod krig eller nedskæringer i børnehaverne.

Ud over at være et fysisk rum, der kan diskuteres ud fra smag og behag, har denne plads i byen en central demokratisk funktion som et sted, der helt konkret lægger rum til byens mangfoldighed. Med planerne om en ny metropolzone i København er der lagt op til diskussion om Rådhuspladsens udseende igen. Og netop fordi pladsen har så vigtig en funktion for demokratiet i byen, burde denne diskussion være et forbillede for, hvordan meninger kan brydes og alligevel føre til en konstruktiv proces, der ender med forslag til en plads, der ikke findes mage til i hele verden. Noget kunne tyde på, at diskussionen tager en anden drejning.

Politikens leder ‘Storbydrømme’ fra sidste lørdag skriver om, at det skal være slut med kværulantisk brok, der bremser arkitekternes ambitioner, som det f.eks. var tilfældet med Krøyers Plads på Christianshavn. København skal ifølge lederen være en såkaldt ‘Kreativ Monopol (sic!) – med fokus på Teknologi, Talent og Tolerance’. Der skulle naturligvis have stået ‘Metropol’, men skrivefejlen kunne minde om den slags fortalelser, der ikke er helt tilfældige. Lederen overser bl.a., at medierne også spiller en rolle i forhold til, hvordan folk udtrykker deres mening og agerer i det ‘offentlige rum’. Eksemplet med Krøyers Plads viser, at det var først, da debatten blev til den kedelige sort-hvide brok, at medierne for alvor begyndte at dække sagen – eller var det først, da medierne trådte ind, at debatten blev sort-hvid? Hvorom alt er, så belønnede medierne dem, der stod stejlt.

Krøyers Plads er desværre et eksempel på, hvordan et kæmpe potentiale i form af en masse engagerede mennesker, et visionært projekt og byens populæreste strandbar bliver spildt i en ukonstruktiv debat eller byudviklingsproces, der endte med at sætte alle parterne i hver sin bås. Enten får de rollen som brokkehoveder med højdeskræk eller rollen som visionære arkitekter med det ‘kreative monopol’.

I byudviklingslaboratoriet Supertanker arbejdede vi med at bryde disse fastlåste mønstre ved at gøre mødet mellem byens parter mere urbant gennem åbenhed og jævnbyrdighed. Vi brugte en lang række metoder til bl.a. at gøre de borgeres ønsker mere konkrete og konstruktive. Vi var i høj grad inspireret af, hvordan Havneparken på Islands Brygge var blevet til i et sådant konstruktivt samspil mellem de lokale byboere og Københavns Kommune. Vi oplevede, at det var muligt at bryde disse ukonstruktive mønstre, men at de grøfter, der allerede var gravet på Krøyers Plads, var for dybe, til at der kunne bygges bro mellem parterne.

Politiken har med netop Rådhuspladsen selv leveret et godt eksempel på, at det ikke behøver at være sådan – at det ‘kreative monopol’ kan brydes ved at lade andre end arkitekter og byplanlæggere komme til orde. I 1997 da den nye busterminal havde afskåret Politikens Hus fra resten af pladsen, iværksatte avisen en artikelserie og en konkurrence for alle læsere med idéer om, hvordan pladsen kunne udformes. Konkurrencen blev formet på en måde, så alle kunne være med, bare man tegnede sine ideer ind på et præfabrikeret foto af Rådhuspladsen. Der indkom en stor mangfoldighed af projekter – fra van(d)vittige ideer hvor hele pladsen blev til et stort vandbassin, man kunne sejle rundt i, til mere realistiske ideer, med smukke belægninger og pæne tegninger. Det var især den sidste type, der blev præmieret, herunder mit eget projekt, der modtog en 2. præmie. Ud over lidt medieomtale skete der desværre ikke mere.

Konkurrencen er et eksempel på en mere urban måde at skabe en unik ny Rådhusplads på. Man kunne også samle de bedste unge arkitekter, sociologer, kunstnere, iværksættere osv. fra hele verden og lade dem gå helt tæt på den lokale virkelighed. Ved at arrangere workshop, hvor borgere og byens øvrige parter deltager, kan der skabes et udfordrende møde mellem det lokale og det globale. Pointen er, at alle parter skal udfordres, og at det sker i et møde, hvor alle stilles lige. De uforudsigelige urbane mutationer og den dynamik, der skabes ved at lade tilblivelsen af den mest centrale plads i byen foregå i det ‘offentlige rum’, vil sætte København på det internationale landkort.

København kunne profilere sig som en åben by, der virkelig appellerer til et væld af forskellige mennesker ved at gøre byboerne til medskabere af deres by. Det er på tide, vi dyrker det simple faktum, at vi lever mange sammen, og at vi udnytter det potentiale, der ligger gemt i at skabe udfordrende og konstruktive møder mellem byboerne.

En urban metropol.

Jens Brandt, arkitekt MAA og urbanist. Medstifter af byudviklingslaboratoriet Supertanker. Senest har Supertankeren udsendt sin ‘Urban Task Force’ i Københavns Sydhavn

Urbanitet

Urbaniteten handler dybest set om, hvad der kan ske, når en mangfoldighed af mennesker lever på samme sted under konstant forandring. En væsentlig side af det urbane består i en åben og respektfuld ‘urban’ måde at omgås hinanden på. Byens liv og evne til at forny sig er afhængig af de nye og uventede ideer, netværk, osv. der opstår i det urbane møde mellem forskellige mennesker.

Plan RH

Plan RH: Den overordnede idé er at understrege overgangen mellem den gamle ”langsomme” by  til den nye og dynamiske by. En samling af pladsen sker ved at nedlægge Vester Voldgade og lægge H.C. Andersens Boulevard ned i en tunnel. Mod den gamle by på solsiden er der lagt op til nydelse med et rigt caféliv og en badstue under et rundt vandspejl. Mod den nye by fungerer overdækningen af H.. Andersens boulevard som busterminal for at understrege byens mobilitet og dynamik. 

HC andersen

H. C. Andersens  Boulevard med ny busterminal ovenpå den gennemkørende trafik. Overdækningen sikrer en kobling mellem Strøget og Vesterbrogade og udvider således City. 

Lurblæserne

Lurblæserne: Denne plads er en overset perle med masser af sol. Her skabes der en intim plads, hvor kroppens dimension understreges af en badstue under et cirkulært vandspejl.

img004

RH set fra oven: Dette var den ”obligatoriske tegning som alle, der deltog i Politikens konkurrence som et minimum skulle tegne. Pladsens motto er ”alting på hjul” så brugen af pladsen hele tiden kan ændres og f.eks. kan pølsevogne og byinventar hurtigt ryddes af vejen til den store fest. 

The Heart House and a Blog break

After a brief detour to Tumblr this blog is back in business.

A lot of things happened (in danish) at the Hjertehus blog.  The name means the heart house and documents the long process of designing a summerhouse with and for my family.

In brief the process went from building a “fun” house out of cardboard that was used to “spatialise” the dialogue about how a new summerhouse should be (and look) and prioritising these thoughts in order to build a 1 : 1 prototype of the house.

After that the work turned to more traditional methods building a scale model and drawing something serious enough to get a building permit. Yet the idea is that there will be more 1 : 1 sketching to work with the final design of windows and the interior after the foundations and the roof has been build.

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERAOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERAIMG_7706Teknisk-snit-t-website

Take it to the streets – Architecture that ‘spatialises’ the discussion about space

When I graduated at the School of architecture in Copenhagen I left a place that I thought was happily lost in its on world far away from the very real world that surrounds the school and the students (and the profession as such). When i got to know the UK architect Jeremy Till years later it made me feel much better when he told me that he thought that the Copenhagen school was one of the most decadent schools he knew with the students sitting in the well renovated buildings and with easy listening music on the iPod. At the time I finally had my diploma I was disillusioned on behalf of a profession and a vocation that I thought (and still think) has a great potential. Instead I joined Supertanker and worked on a team that was obsessed with the city like myself, but saw the problems to be solved in the way the dialogue on the future of city was polarised and unconstructive.

Writing texts like this one marks a return to the architectural and spatial aspects of this dialogue since we have gradually learned that making the discussion about space more spatial also makes it more inclusive and potentially fun. In this way architecture so to say ‘spatialises’ the dreams, drifts, needs and interests that flows through the city.  Thus, architecture perceived as a craft or art form in an urban context, can– act as a spatialising moment in the collective and continuously changing oeuvre, the city. One could see this as an urban version of the Master builder in the Bauhütte who sets up a temporary structure in public space and starts to design and build while this is being discussed with the passerby.

These spatial aspects became more clear when Supertanker 4 years ago developed an ambitious project for a housing project in the suburbs of Copenhagen where the problems on the surface was crime, unemployment, etc. that could be called the “Social China Syndrome” since it is so hard to reverse this negative trend. It looks like a certain type of housing stock combined with a failed welfare state model that promotes a “one size fits all” in both a physical and social sense and thereby creates a high degree of passivity. We set out to build a base (workshop/office/common space) in a way that reflected the ideas we had about the 5 year project there. These ideas can be boiled down to slowly discover and map the potentials and problems of the area and to promote small self organised and concrete projects as a result of an including, empowering inspiring and challenging process the especially involving the young people in the neighbourhood.

To challenge and inspire both the Supertanker team and the local residents we invited a group of architects, artist and urbanists to take part in a camp we called “local Interaction.” During the camp i became clear that the “base” had to be a mobile and actually we should stop talking and drawing and start just building and being present in the neighbourhood.  So what could have been a neat little pavilion ended up being a yearlong building and learning process for us and for some of the boys in the neighbourhood who were singled out as the troublemakers. We bought and old and beautiful circus wagon that needed repair but had a lot of character. The wagon was driven into a central green area and could be seen by most of the residents. Suddenly our presence was much more visual and the comments started coming in from residents who otherwise kept silent. Some of these were the troublemakers that visited the wagon during the night braking the lock but otherwise nothing. The troublemakers were then involved and became the design team that did much of the designing and the manual work that gradually became involved in too.

The potentials of this quite slow process (that meant we had to wait for a real base for more than a year) was many: building up trust with kids that otherwise had lost most of their respect with authorities and making them experience the results of their own work as a central and very visibly part of the neighbourhood. Like this the boys learned a lot of new things but more importantly, the neighbourhood learned that these boys could be a resource if given the right opportunities. By making the process of designing the interior of the circus wagon more concrete (it was design in 1 : 1) the boys were able to use their hands, arms and bodies to measure the size of a table etc. From this Supertanker learned that the methods of urban dialogue became much more inclusive by making the discussion  more spatial and less abstract. This would attract the people who couldn’t care less about taking part of an otherwise great workshop since they like to get hands on and see action instead of abstraction.

This demands that the profession gets much closer to the world with real people that walk around with real bodies in a physical space where they dream about a bright future or fear the day of tomorrow. The tendency to reduce this real world into an abstraction that can be turned into beautiful drawings or wonderful models that instead produces a mirage that is very popular with developers (or politicians) who need to make investors or voters believe in something that is still not there. I once went to a reception held by some architects in Zagreb (very successful today) and talked to an urban planner of the older generation who had the theory that urban planners were in fact closest to being artists since they were creating these wonderful plans that could be seen as colourful abstract paintings.

The way architects normally interact with the world feels old fashioned when they still talk about the architect and client relation and thereby signalling being the obedient and passive part of a hierarchy. In contrast to (or because of) this, architects tend to take the role of the romantic artist with inspiration from a higher power and leading the way with that inspiration. Only the artist creates paintings on the walls might not affect many people in a negative way but for the architect this illusion of a vanguard position becomes much more problematic when he of she influences the socio/spatial conditions for the lives of people living in the city. In a recent article in the Danish daily newspaper the architecture editor for the paper wrote an article on the contested part in the Copenhagen harbour where the 3rd proposal now was on the table (and where Supertanker came into being). Learning from the previous massive resistance the developer had involved local citizens discussing the plans and the journalist concludes: One reduces the risk of forgetting the human factor, but the chance for a visionary project is equally reduced.

In his book, Architecture depends, Jeremy Till tries to argue for the architects to get closer to the real world that they depend on in spite of the illusion being a visionary vanguard in a perfectly designed mirage.  Till writes of a more humble role for the architect creating “low-fi” and everyday architecture and uses the example of Elvis Costello who would listen to a new song on a cheap radio standing on the kitchen table instead of the perfect studio sound system far away from the “real world”. Costello can also be used as an example of a more urban approach to music when he took to the street and played in front of the hotel where CBS records held a conference in order to get their attention. (More recent examples are the Arab spring on Tahrir square or “Occupy Wall Street”) The potentials of the architect actually contributing to the urban oeuvre starts simply by being there and taking architecture to the streets.

Planning in 1 : 1

Riding on the train back from Zurich yesterday it reminded me of the constructions that are build as a part of the planning process to show in 1 : 1 what the size of a new building would be like – in german they are called “Bauprofile”.

For me this could be a starting point to “make the discussion about space more spatial” – more concrete and inclusive.

This blogpost (in german) describes it quite well in the sense that  “ich muss es halt einfach wirklich vor mir sehen um mir in etwa ein Bild machen zu können. Die Pläne bleiben für mich einfach Papier mit Strichen und Zahlen;-))”  – I have to see it for real in order to make my image – (of the house) The plans stays just paper with lines and numbers.

These structures can big in the big scale (sorry for the bad quality photo)

Or small scale – its a bit hard to see but the red spots mark the future extension of the house